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In the wild is not only animals that can experience scarcity until finally experiencing extinction. Plants can also experience extinction due to human behavior or natural disasters. Indonesia has several endemic plants that are becoming increasingly rare because not many are taking care of them. Some of them just name it because it is very difficult to find.
The Government of Indonesia already has laws on the protection of rare species of both animals and plants. However, based on our Intelligent literature gathering, not all rare plant species are listed, even some have misrepresented scientific name and categorization. Here is a list of protected plants that are increasingly scarce. Let’s look at some of them.
Flower Carcass (Amorphophallus spp.)
This carcass flower has another name in several regions in Indonesia, one of them is the Giant Suweg and Batang Krebuit. This flower is actually the flower of a kind of taro plants (Araceae) endemic Indonesia. Vultures are found in the forests of Sumatra as well as in Java. The flower of this plant is the largest compound interest in the world. As the name suggests, the carcass flower does indeed smell very foul when the flowers bloom perfectly. This smell invites animals like flies approaching and ultimately helps pollination.
Rafflesia Arnoldi (Rafflesia spp.)
All types of raflesia flowers or padma flowers are protected by the government. Flower raflesia was first discovered by Joseph Arnold and Thomas Stamford Raffles in 1818 in the region of Sumatra precisely Bengkulu province. In addition to Indonesia Rafflesia is also found in tropical forests of the Philippines. Currently raflesia species are getting smaller because the forest where they live is increasingly damaged by the act of destruction. Though this flower is a parasitic plant that can only stick to a particular host and in one individual there is only one flower. Like a carcass flower, rafflesia flowers also have an unpleasant odor and are favored by flies that can help with pollination.
To date there are about 27 species, all of which are not well known. The spread of Rafflesia is done by animals that eat flowers and eventually the seeds are carried along. The weight of an adult flower that has bloomed perfectly is 10 kg with a diameter up to 1 meter.
Semar Pouch (Nephentes spp.)
Semar bag is found in Indonesia, especially forests of Sumatra and Kalimantan. To date there are about 130 species of semar bags that are still crisscrossed from nature. But for more man-made crisscross. This plant is known to be very unique, because it has a bag on the tip of the leaf that is useful for catching insects. Yes, that is true. Semar bag is a carnivorous plant because it gets the essence of food from animals that eventually die in their pockets.
This plant can reach a height of 20 meters and propagate in large trees. In general, the bag semar has three types of pockets of the upper pockets, bottom pockets and rosette pockets. Semar bag plants grow well in environments with high humidity levels.
Semar bag plants are protected because they are slowly becoming extinct by forest destruction. Some people even try to breed and cross to get a new species that had never before existed.
Flowers Edelweis (Anaphalis javanica)
Formerly the edelweiss flower is known as a perennial flower because once picked will not wither and last for years. Many people who come to the mountain finally bring this flower home and long time this flower is exhausted. Some climbers and environmentalists have even banned the looting of this flower in any form.
Many Edelweis flowers live in altitude especially active volcano areas. This plant is known as a pioneer plant because it lives on the volcanic soil after the eruption of the mountain. Besides its ability bersimbiosis with some mushrooms make this flower can live in a very extreme environment. Some areas in the Javan Mountains of edelweiss have been declared extinct. What remains is now in the mountains of Nusa Tenggara.
Sandalwood
The highly fragrant sandalwood is widely used as spices, incense making materials, aroma therapy and a mixture of perfumes. In some cultures, sandalwood is also used as a kris bayon. The fragrance of sandalwood can last up to a hundred years. In the area of Sri Lanka it is even used as a funeral for the bodies of the queens and kings. In Indonesia alone sandalwood has been met now, spread only around Java and Nusa Tenggara.
Sandalwood is a parasitic plant at the beginning of its life. Sprouts need a host before they can get big and can make their own food. yalla shoot Sandalwood is now very expensive because it is increasingly difficult to find and by the government protected because it is feared will soon be extinct.
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